There is no way to “incrementally” build up a module’s path by importing the packages that lead to it. You always have to refer to the entire module name when importing. Only use it when you’d otherwise be tempted to declare local copies of constants, or to abuse inheritance (the Constant Interface Antipattern). In other words, use it when you require frequent access to static members from one or two classes. If you overuse the static import feature, it can make your program unreadable and unmaintainable, polluting its namespace with all the static members you import. Readers of your code (including you, a few months after you wrote it) will not know which class a static member comes from.
Additionally, in __init__.py files, it’s best practice to use the relative import from . Import package instead of the absolute import import package to avoid any errors by accidentally importing a different package. And then, after all a package initialization actions like import module1 are done, restore “caller’s” working directory with os.chdir(cwd). The best solution by far (for me) is to have a kernel for each environment you are working in.
It is useful if you are often used a constant from another class in your code and if the static import is not ambiguous. You may try with declaring sys.path.append(‘/path/to/lib/python’) before including any IMPORT statements. If I got you right, you’re using Python 3.3 from Blender but try to include the 3.2 standard library. This is bound to give you a flurry of issues, you should not do that. It’s likely that Blender offers a way to use the 3.3 standard library (and that’s 99% compatible with 3.2). Pure-Python third party library can, of course, be included by fiddling with sys.path.
- One area in which I use import static is for retrieving constants from a class.We can also apply import static on static methods.
- This can be changed in the top right corner for Visual Studio Code.
- Connect and share knowledge within a single location that is structured and easy to search.
What does the “static” modifier after “import” mean?
- After a rabbit-hole of sifting through GitHub issues, and trying too many comparatively complicated proposed solutions, this ever-so-simple solution worked for me.
- Now if your venv has the package installed, JupyterLab can also see the package and will not have any problem importing the package.
- This is cleaner than using sys.path.append if your app directory is structured with your .py files that contain functions for import underneath your script that imports those files.
- In this particular case with urllib package, the second way import urllib.request and use of urllib.request is how standard library uniformly uses it.
- The best solution by far (for me) is to have a kernel for each environment you are working in.
- However, if they are a dependent hierarchy, you should do the thing that makes the most logical sense to do.
And if name in X ischanged to point to some other object, your module won’t notice. Although the OP mentions having no success with using imports in the __init__.py files, it is actually the solution here. The import allows the java programmer to access classes of a package without package qualification.
Import .bak file to a database in SQL server
For any new readers coming along that are still having issues, try the following. This is cleaner than using sys.path.append if your app directory is structured with your .py files that contain functions for import underneath your script that imports those files. Doesn’t mean “from the module called someModule that I imported earlier…” it means “from the module named someModule that you find on sys.path…”.
Python: importing a sub‑package or sub‑module
It means, that interpreter cannot find the module named module1 since it is not located in either current or global packages directory. Multiple CSS requests of any kind – whether through links or through @imports – are bad practice for high performance web sites. Once you’re at the point where optimization matters, all your CSS should be flowing through a minifier.
My main complaint with import urllib.request is that you can still reference urllib.parse even though it isn’t imported. In this particular case with urllib package, the second way import urllib.request and use of urllib.request is how standard library uniformly uses it. Or, in other words, after you’ve run this statement, you can simplyuse a plain (unqualified) name to refer to things defined in module X.But X itself is not defined, so X.name doesn’t work. And if namewas already defined, it is replaced by the new version.
Version 2
Basically I am wondering what is the advantage / purpose of using @import to import stylesheets into an existing stylesheet versus just adding another … In each module, two names, a and b are created, pointing to the objects 1 and 2, respectively. Many people have already explained about import vs from, so I want to try to explain a bit more under the hood, where the actual difference lies. Not in my first favorite taste (I prefer to have one import statement per imported entity), but may be the one I will personally favor. Sorry for the hard words, but that’s two days I trying to work around this stupid‑like behavior.
If that path is relative to your file you could look for the path of the file you execute from, and then append the sys.path relative to your file, but i reccomend using relative imports. The specific issue you’re seeing now is likely caused by the version difference. As people have pointed out in the comments, Python 3.3 doesn’t find the _tkinter extension module. The static import declaration is analogous to the normal import declaration. However, you need to understand that you are not importing variables, just references to objects.
Short prefix version (but repeated prefix)
If you rely on these poorly designed systems they will fail in numerous scenarios, slow down your site, and fail in numerous versions of older browsers…too many to count. If you have one stylesheet that depends on another, the most logical thing to do is to put them in two separate files and use @import. That will make the most logical sense to the next person who looks at the code. Importing a package (or anything from inside it) intrinsically loads and executes the package’s __init__.py — that file defines the body of the package. However, it does not bind the name __init__ in your current namespace (so in this sense it doesn’t import that name).
Never Rely on JavaScript API’s or Tricks to Manage Cascading Style Sheets!! Never use SASS, React, Modernizr, Bootstrap, or Angular to manage CSS. Always manage Cascading Style Sheets yourself using hand-written CSS text files and your site will not only run faster, but you will have total control over your websites design and your user experience.
Unless I was totally wrong somewhere, this import will leave me with a feeling something is really broken in Python’s model of package and sub‑packages. This is quite a bad approach as for me, since, for example, if an exception is raised on initialization actions, a working directory would not be restored. You’ll need to play with try..except statements to fix this. This happened to me when I moved my journal into a new directory while the JupyterLab server was running. The import broke for that journal, but when I made a new journal in the same directory I just moved to and used the same import, it worked. After that, you can easily import and use it.Whenever you want to tell Jupyter that this is system command, you should prepend !
My problem was that my Visual Studio Code kernel was set to the wrong environment. This can be changed in the top right corner for Visual Studio Code. The simple solution is to use tensorflow.keras directly, there is no need to import it. You’re saying “take those objects pointed at by name and age within module a and point at them in the current scope with the same identifiers”.
Usually stylesheets are independent, so it’s reasonable to include them all using . However, if they are a dependent hierarchy, you should do the thing that makes the most logical sense to do. There are occasionally situations where @import is appropriate, but they are generally the exception, not the rule.
Assigning something else to the imported names in the importing module won’t affect the other modules. The reason #2 fails is because sys.modules’module’ does not exist (the import routine has its own scope, and cannot see the module local name), and there’s no module module or package on-disk. Note that you can separate multiple imported names by commas. The static modifier after import is for retrieving/using static fields of a class.